cell-biology
NF-kB (Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B Cells)
Definition
NF-kB is a family of inducible transcription factors (RelA/p65, RelB, c-Rel, p50, p52) that regulate the expression of genes involved in inflammation, immune responses, cell survival, and proliferation. In its inactive state, NF-kB is sequestered in the cytoplasm by inhibitory IkB proteins; upon stimulation by cytokines, pathogens, or stress signals, the IKK complex phosphorylates IkB, leading to its degradation and nuclear translocation of NF-kB. Chronic NF-kB activation is implicated in inflammatory diseases and aging (inflammaging), and the tripeptide KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) derived from alpha-MSH has demonstrated NF-kB inhibitory properties in preclinical models.