Completed Preclinical (in vivo) 2022

    MOTS-c and Exercise Restore Cardiac Function by Activating of NRG1-ErbB Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Rats

    Li S, Lu H, Lu J, et al.

    Frontiers in Endocrinology

    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.812032

    Summary

    Showed that MOTS-c treatment restores cardiac function in diabetic rats through activation of the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling pathway. MOTS-c improved cardiac structure and function comparably to exercise, and the combination of MOTS-c plus exercise produced additive cardioprotective benefits.

    Key Findings

    • MOTS-c restored cardiac function in diabetic rats via NRG1-ErbB4 pathway activation
    • Effects were comparable to those achieved by exercise alone
    • Combined MOTS-c and exercise produced additive cardioprotective benefits

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    Completed 2023

    Mitochondria-derived peptide MOTS-c: effects and mechanisms related to stress, metabolism and aging

    Wan W, Zhang L, Chen Y, et al.

    Journal of Translational Medicine

    Comprehensive review of MOTS-c as a mitochondrial-derived peptide that acts through the Folate-AICAR-AMPK signaling pathway. Summarizes evidence for MOTS-c's roles in metabolic homeostasis, stress response, exercise adaptation, and aging, positioning it as a key mitochondrial signaling molecule with broad therapeutic potential.

    • MOTS-c acts primarily through the Folate-AICAR-AMPK signaling pathway
    • Regulates metabolic homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory responses

    DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03885-2

    Completed 2019

    The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c is a regulator of plasma metabolites and enhances insulin sensitivity

    Kim SJ, Miller B, Mehta HH, et al.

    Physiological Reports

    Demonstrated that MOTS-c treatment improves insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice and significantly alters plasma metabolite profiles. MOTS-c reduced sphingolipid, monoacylglycerol, and dicarboxylate metabolites while improving glucose tolerance, suggesting metabolic reprogramming as a key mechanism of action.

    • MOTS-c improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese mice
    • Significantly altered plasma metabolome including reduced sphingolipids and monoacylglycerols

    DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14171

    Completed 2015

    The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance

    Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, et al.

    Cell Metabolism

    This landmark study reported the discovery and characterization of MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open reading frame of the Twelve S rRNA type-c), a 16-amino acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial genome. MOTS-c was shown to regulate metabolic homeostasis through AMPK activation, targeting the methionine-folate cycle and de novo purine biosynthesis, and preventing diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice.

    • MOTS-c is a novel mitochondria-derived peptide encoded in the 12S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA, representing a new class of mitochondrial signaling molecules
    • MOTS-c activates AMPK and regulates metabolic homeostasis by targeting the methionine-folate cycle and inhibiting de novo purine biosynthesis

    DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.009